Small wheels

There are several diameters available, including 12, 15, 18, and 20cm. Small wheels with larger diameters are easy to cross small obstacles and special carpets. But the diameter is too large, which increases the space occupied by the entire wheelchair and makes it inconvenient to move around. Normally, the small wheels are placed before the large wheels, but in wheelchairs used by lower limb paraplegics, the small wheels are often placed behind the large wheels. During operation, it should be noted that the direction of the small wheel can be perpendicular to that of the large wheel, otherwise it is prone to tipping over.

Handwheel Ring

Unique to wheelchair suppliers (elderly mobility scooter manufacturers, nursing bed suppliers, and transfer machine suppliers), the diameter is generally 5cm smaller than the large wheel rim. When driving hemiplegia with one hand, add a smaller diameter option for selection. The handwheel ring is usually pushed directly by the patient. If the function is poor, the following modifications can be made for easy driving: ⑴ Adding rubber or other materials to the surface of the handwheel ring to increase the friction force. ⑵ Add push knobs along the circumference of the wheel rim. There are several types of push handles: ① Horizontal push handle. Used for C5 spinal injury. Therefore, when the biceps is healthy, the hand is placed on the push handle and can be pushed forward by bending the elbow. If there is no horizontal push handle, it cannot be pushed Vertical push handle. Used for rheumatoid arthritis when shoulder and hand joint movement is restricted. At this time, the horizontal push handle cannot be used Bold push handle. Used for patients with severely restricted finger movement and difficulty in clenching fists, as well as for patients with osteoarthritis, heart disease, or elderly patients. (Hand cranked wheelchair is driven by hand cranked wheels, with Bing Dai replacing the wheel rims)

tyre

There are three types: solid, inflatable inner tube, and tubeless inflatable. Solid type can walk quickly on flat ground and is not easy to explode or push, but it vibrates greatly on uneven roads and is difficult to pull out when stuck in a groove the same width as the tire; Inflatable inner tubes are difficult to push and easy to puncture, but the vibration is smaller than solid ones; The tubeless inflatable type is more difficult to push than the solid one because it does not puncture and the interior is also inflated, making it comfortable to sit on.

brake

The large wheels should have brakes on each wheel. Of course, for hemiplegic individuals who can only use one hand, only one hand brakes can be used. However, extension rods can also be installed to operate the brakes on both sides. There are two types of brakes: ⑴ notch brake. This brake is safe and reliable, but it requires more effort. After adjustment, it can also brake on slopes. If it cannot brake on flat ground when adjusted to level 1, it is considered invalid Elbow brake. By utilizing the lever principle and braking through several joints, its mechanical advantages are stronger than notch brakes, but it fails faster. To increase the braking force of the patient, an extension rod is often added to the brake, but this rod is prone to damage and may affect safety if not checked regularly.

seat 

Its height, depth, and width depend on the patient's body shape, and the material texture also depends on the disease type. Generally, the depth is 41cm and 43cm, the width is 40cm and 46cm, and the height is 45cm and 50cm.

cushion

To avoid pressure ulcers, high attention should be paid to the cushion, and it is possible to use an eggrate or Roto cushion as much as possible. This type of cushion consists of a large piece of plastic with a large number of nipple shaped plastic hollow columns with a diameter of about 5cm on top, each column is soft and easy to move. After the patient sits on it, the compression surface becomes a large number of compression points, and with a slight movement of the patient, the compression points change with the movement of the nipple, so as to constantly change the compression points and avoid frequently compressing the same part, causing pressure ulcers. If the above mat is not available, the layer type foam plastic shall be used. The thickness shall be 10cm. The upper layer shall be 0.5cm thick high-density polyurethane foam plastic, and the lower layer shall be medium density plastic of the same nature. High density plastic has strong support, and medium density plastic is soft and comfortable. When sitting, the pressure on the ischial tuberosity is significant, often exceeding 1-16 times the normal capillary pressure, making it prone to ischemia and pressure ulcers. To avoid excessive pressure in this area, a piece is often dug out from the corresponding cushion, allowing the ischial tuberosity to be elevated. When digging, the front should be 2.5cm in front of the ischial tuberosity, and the side should be 2.5cm outside the tuberosity, with a depth of about 7.5cm. After digging, the cushion is concave with a notch at the back. If the above-mentioned cushion and incision are used, it can effectively prevent the occurrence of pressure ulcers.